# Spatial Point Pattern analysis, model-fitting, simulation, tests

## Documentation for package ‘spatstat’ version 1.22-1

- DESCRIPTION file.
- Overview of user guides and package vignettes; browse directory.
- Code demos. Use demo() to run them.
- Package NEWS.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W misc

spatstat-package | The Spatstat Package

## -- A --

adaptive.density | Intensity Estimate of Point Pattern Using Tessellation
affine | Apply Affine Transformation
affine.owin | Apply Affine Transformation To Window
affine.ppp | Apply Affine Transformation To Point Pattern
affine.psp | Apply Affine Transformation To Line Segment Pattern
allstats | Calculate four standard summary functions of a point pattern.
alltypes | Calculate Summary Statistic for All Types in a Multitype Point Pattern
amacrine | Hughes' Amacrine Cell Data
anemones | Beadlet Anemones Data
angles.psp | Orientation Angles of Line Segments
anova.ppm | ANOVA for Fitted Point Process Models
anova.slrm | Analysis of Deviance for Spatial Logistic Regression Models
ants | Harkness-Isham ants' nests data
ants.extra | Harkness-Isham ants' nests data
append.psp | Combine Two Line Segment Patterns
applynbd | Apply Function to Every Neighbourhood in a Point Pattern
area.owin | Area of a Window
areaGain | Difference of Disc Areas
AreaInter | The Area Interaction Point Process Model
areaLoss | Difference of Disc Areas
as.array.im | Convert Pixel Image to Matrix or Array
as.box3 | Convert Data to Three-Dimensional Box
as.data.frame.hyperframe | Coerce Hyperframe to Data Frame
as.data.frame.im | Convert Pixel Image to Data Frame
as.data.frame.ppp | Coerce Point Pattern to a Data Frame
as.data.frame.ppx | Extract coordinates and marks of multidimensional point pattern
as.data.frame.psp | Coerce Line Segment Pattern to a Data Frame
as.hyperframe | Convert Data to Hyperframe
as.hyperframe.data.frame | Convert Data to Hyperframe
as.hyperframe.default | Convert Data to Hyperframe
as.hyperframe.hyperframe | Convert Data to Hyperframe
as.hyperframe.listof | Convert Data to Hyperframe
as.hyperframe.ppx | Extract coordinates and marks of multidimensional point pattern
as.im | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.default | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.function | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.im | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.matrix | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.owin | Convert to Pixel Image
as.im.ppp | Convert Point Pattern to Pixel Image
as.im.tess | Convert to Pixel Image
as.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
as.linnet.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
as.linnet.lpp | Methods for Linear Networks
as.mask | Pixel Image Approximation of a Window
as.mask.psp | Convert Line Segment Pattern to Binary Pixel Mask
as.matrix.im | Convert Pixel Image to Matrix or Array
as.matrix.ppx | Extract coordinates and marks of multidimensional point pattern
as.owin | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.data.frame | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.default | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.distfun | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.gpc.poly | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.im | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
as.owin.owin | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.ppm | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.ppp | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.psp | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.quad | Convert Data To Class owin
as.owin.tess | Convert Data To Class owin
as.polygonal | Convert a Window to a Polygonal Window
as.ppp | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.data.frame | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.default | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
as.ppp.matrix | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.ppp | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.psp | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.ppp.quad | Convert Data To Class ppp
as.psp | Convert Data To Class psp
as.psp.data.frame | Convert Data To Class psp
as.psp.default | Convert Data To Class psp
as.psp.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
as.psp.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
as.psp.matrix | Convert Data To Class psp
as.psp.owin | Convert Data To Class psp
as.psp.psp | Convert Data To Class psp
as.rectangle | Window Frame
as.tess | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.im | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.list | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.owin | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.quadratcount | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.quadrattest | Convert Data To Tessellation
as.tess.tess | Convert Data To Tessellation

## -- B --

BadGey | Hybrid Geyer Point Process Model
bdist.pixels | Distance to Boundary of Window
bdist.points | Distance to Boundary of Window
bdist.tiles | Distance to Boundary of Window
bei | Tropical rain forest trees
bei.extra | Tropical rain forest trees
bermantest | Berman's Tests for Point Process Model
bermantest.ppm | Berman's Tests for Point Process Model
bermantest.ppp | Berman's Tests for Point Process Model
betacells | Beta Ganglion Cells in Cat Retina
betacells.extra | Beta Ganglion Cells in Cat Retina
bind.fv | Combine Function Value Tables
blur | Apply Gaussian Blur to a Pixel Image
border | Border Region of a Window
bounding.box | Bounding Box of a Window or Point Pattern
bounding.box.xy | Convex Hull of Points
box3 | Three-Dimensional Box
boxx | Multi-Dimensional Box
bramblecanes | Hutchings' Bramble Canes data
bronzefilter | Bronze gradient filter data
bw.relrisk | Cross Validated Bandwidth Selection for Relative Risk Estimation
bw.stoyan | Stoyan's Rule of Thumb for Bandwidth Selection
by.im | Apply Function to Image Broken Down by Factor
by.ppp | Apply a Function to a Point Pattern Broken Down by Factor

## -- C --

cbind.fv | Combine Function Value Tables
cbind.hyperframe | Combine Hyperframes by Rows or by Columns
cells | Biological Cells Point Pattern
centroid.owin | Centroid of a window
chop.tess | Subdivide a Window or Tessellation using a Set of Lines
chorley | Chorley-Ribble Cancer Data
chorley.extra | Chorley-Ribble Cancer Data
circumradius | Circumradius and Diameter of a Linear Network
clarkevans | Clark and Evans Aggregation Index
clarkevans.test | Clark and Evans Test
clickjoin | Interactively join vertices on a plot
clickpoly | Interactively Define a Polygon
clickppp | Interactively Add Points
clip.infline | Intersect Infinite Straight Lines with a Window
closing | Morphological Closing
closing.owin | Morphological Closing
closing.ppp | Morphological Closing
closing.psp | Morphological Closing
coef.ppm | Coefficients of Fitted Point Process Model
coef.slrm | Coefficients of Fitted Spatial Logistic Regression Model
col2hex | Convert and Compare Colours in Different Formats
collapse.fv | Collapse Several Function Tables into One
colourmap | Colour Lookup Tables
compatible.fasp | Test Whether Two Function Arrays Are Compatible
compatible.fv | Test Whether Two Function Objects Are Compatible
compatible.im | Test Whether Two Pixel Images Are Compatible
complement.owin | Take Complement of a Window
concatxy | Concatenate x,y Coordinate Vectors
connected | Connected components of an image or window
contour.distfun | Methods for Distance Functions
contour.im | Contour plot of pixel image
convexhull | Convex Hull
convexhull.xy | Convex Hull of Points
coords | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
coords.ppp | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
coords.ppx | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
coords<- | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
coords<-.ppp | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
coords<-.ppx | Extract or Change Coordinates of a Spatial or Spatiotemporal Point Pattern
copper | Berman-Huntington points and lines data
corners | Corners of a rectangle
crossdist | Pairwise distances
crossdist.default | Pairwise distances between two different sets of points
crossdist.pp3 | Pairwise distances between two different three-dimensional point patterns
crossdist.ppp | Pairwise distances between two different point patterns
crossdist.ppx | Pairwise Distances Between Two Different Multi-Dimensional Point Patterns
crossdist.psp | Pairwise distances between two different line segment patterns
crossing.psp | Crossing Points of Two Line Segment Patterns
cut.im | Convert Pixel Image from Numeric to Factor
cut.ppp | Classify Points in a Point Pattern

## -- D --

data.ppm | Extract Original Data from a Fitted Point Process Model
default.dummy | Generate a Default Pattern of Dummy Points
default.expand | Compute Expansion Window for Simulation
default.rmhcontrol | Set Default Control Parameters for Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm.
delaunay | Delaunay Triangulation of Point Pattern
deltametric | Delta Metric
demopat | Artificial Data Point Pattern
density.ppp | Kernel Smoothed Intensity of Point Pattern
density.psp | Kernel Smoothing of Line Segment Pattern
density.splitppp | Kernel Smoothed Intensity of Split Point Pattern
diagnose.ppm | Diagnostic Plots for Fitted Point Process Model
diameter | Diameter of an Object
diameter.box3 | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
diameter.boxx | Geometrical Calculations for Multi-Dimensional Box
diameter.linnet | Circumradius and Diameter of a Linear Network
diameter.owin | Diameter of a Window
DiggleGatesStibbard | Diggle-Gates-Stibbard Point Process Model
DiggleGratton | Diggle-Gratton model
dilated.areas | Areas of Morphological Dilations
dilation | Morphological Dilation
dilation.owin | Morphological Dilation
dilation.ppp | Morphological Dilation
dilation.psp | Morphological Dilation
dirichlet | Dirichlet Tessellation of Point Pattern
dirichlet.weights | Compute Quadrature Weights Based on Dirichlet Tessellation
disc | Circular Window
discpartarea | Area of Part of Disc
discretise | Safely Convert Point Pattern Window to Binary Mask
distfun | Distance Map as a Function
distfun.owin | Distance Map as a Function
distfun.ppp | Distance Map as a Function
distfun.psp | Distance Map as a Function
distmap | Distance Map
distmap.owin | Distance Map of Window
distmap.ppp | Distance Map of Point Pattern
distmap.psp | Distance Map of Line Segment Pattern
dknn | Theoretical Distribution of Nearest Neighbour Distance
dummy.ppm | Extract Dummy Points Used to Fit a Point Process Model
duplicated.ppp | Determine Duplicated Points in a Spatial Point Pattern

## -- E --

eem | Exponential Energy Marks
effectfun | Compute Fitted Effect of a Spatial Covariate in a Point Process Model
Emark | Diagnostics for random marking
empty.space | Estimate the empty space function F
endpoints.psp | Endpoints of Line Segment Pattern
envelope | Simulation Envelopes of Summary Function
envelope.kppm | Simulation Envelopes of Summary Function
envelope.pp3 | Simulation Envelopes of Summary Function for 3D Point Pattern
envelope.ppm | Simulation Envelopes of Summary Function
envelope.ppp | Simulation Envelopes of Summary Function
eroded.areas | Areas of Morphological Erosions
eroded.volumes | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
eroded.volumes.box3 | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
eroded.volumes.boxx | Geometrical Calculations for Multi-Dimensional Box
erosion | Morphological Erosion
erosion.owin | Morphological Erosion
erosion.ppp | Morphological Erosion
erosion.psp | Morphological Erosion
eval.fasp | Evaluate Expression Involving Function Arrays
eval.fv | Evaluate Expression Involving Functions
eval.im | Evaluate Expression Involving Pixel Images
ewcdf | Weighted Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function
expand.owin | Expand Window By Factor

## -- F --

F3est | Empty Space Function of a Three-Dimensional Point Pattern
fasp.object | Function Arrays for Spatial Patterns
Fest | Estimate the empty space function F
Fiksel | The Fiksel Interaction
finpines | Pine saplings in Finland.
finpines.extra | Pine saplings in Finland.
fitin | Extract the Interaction from a Fitted Point Process Model
fitin.ppm | Extract the Interaction from a Fitted Point Process Model
fitted.ppm | Fitted Conditional Intensity for Point Process Model
fitted.slrm | Fitted Probabilities for Spatial Logistic Regression
fryplot | Fry Plot of Point Pattern
frypoints | Fry Plot of Point Pattern
fv | Create a Function Value Table
fv.object | Data Frames of Function Values

## -- G --

G3est | Nearest Neighbour Distance Distribution Function of a Three-Dimensional Point Pattern
ganglia | Beta Ganglion Cells in Cat Retina, Old Version
Gcross | Multitype Nearest Neighbour Distance Function (i-to-j)
Gdot | Multitype Nearest Neighbour Distance Function (i-to-any)
Gest | Nearest Neighbour Distance Function G
Geyer | Geyer's Saturation Point Process Model
Gfox | Foxall's Distance Functions
Gmulti | Marked Nearest Neighbour Distance Function
gpc2owin | Convert Polygonal Region into Different Format
gridcenters | Rectangular grid of points
gridcentres | Rectangular grid of points
gridweights | Compute Quadrature Weights Based on Grid Counts

## -- H --

hamster | Aherne's hamster tumour data
Hardcore | The Hard Core Point Process Model
harmonic | Basis for Harmonic Functions
heather | Diggle's Heather Data
Hest | Spherical Contact Distribution Function
hist.im | Histogram of Pixel Values in an Image
hsvim | Create Colour-Valued Pixel Image
humberside | Humberside Data on Childhood Leukaemia and Lymphoma
humberside.convex | Humberside Data on Childhood Leukaemia and Lymphoma
hyperframe | Hyper Data Frame

## -- I --

identify.ppp | Identify Points in a Point Pattern
identify.psp | Identify Segments in a Line Segment Pattern
Iest | Estimate the I-function
im | Create a Pixel Image Object
im.object | Class of Images
image.im | Plot a Pixel Image
incircle | Find Largest Circle Inside Window
infline | Infinite Straight Lines
inforder.family | Infinite Order Interaction Family
inside.owin | Test Whether Points Are Inside A Window
integral.im | Integral of a Pixel Image
interp.im | Interpolate a Pixel Image
intersect.owin | Intersection, Union or Set Subtraction of Two Windows
intersect.tess | Intersection of Two Tessellations
iplot | Point and Click Interface for Displaying a Point Pattern
is.convex | Test Whether a Window is Convex
is.empty | Test Whether An Object Is Empty
is.empty.default | Test Whether An Object Is Empty
is.empty.owin | Test Whether An Object Is Empty
is.empty.ppp | Test Whether An Object Is Empty
is.empty.psp | Test Whether An Object Is Empty
is.im | Test Whether An Object Is A Pixel Image
is.marked | Test Whether Marks Are Present
is.marked.ppm | Test Whether A Point Process Model is Marked
is.marked.ppp | Test Whether A Point Pattern is Marked
is.multitype | Test whether Object is Multitype
is.multitype.ppm | Test Whether A Point Process Model is Multitype
is.multitype.ppp | Test Whether A Point Pattern is Multitype
is.owin | Test Whether An Object Is A Window
is.ppm | Test Whether An Object Is A Fitted Point Process Model
is.ppp | Test Whether An Object Is A Point Pattern
is.subset.owin | Determine Whether One Window is Contained In Another
istat | Point and Click Interface for Exploratory Analysis of Point Pattern

## -- J --

japanesepines | Japanese Pines Point Pattern
Jcross | Multitype J Function (i-to-j)
Jdot | Multitype J Function (i-to-any)
Jest | Estimate the J-function
Jfox | Foxall's Distance Functions
Jmulti | Marked J Function

## -- K --

K3est | K-function of a Three-Dimensional Point Pattern
kaplan.meier | Kaplan-Meier Estimator using Histogram Data
Kcross | Multitype K Function (Cross-type)
Kcross.inhom | Inhomogeneous Cross K Function
Kdot | Multitype K Function (i-to-any)
Kdot.inhom | Inhomogeneous Multitype K Dot Function
Kest | K-function
Kest.fft | K-function using FFT
Kinhom | Inhomogeneous K-function
km.rs | Kaplan-Meier and Reduced Sample Estimator using Histograms
Kmeasure | Reduced Second Moment Measure
Kmulti | Marked K-Function
kppm | Fit cluster point process model
Kscaled | Locally Scaled K-function
kstest | Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Point Process Model
kstest.ppm | Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Point Process Model
kstest.ppp | Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Point Process Model
kstest.slrm | Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Point Process Model

## -- L --

lansing | Lansing Woods Point Pattern
latest.news | Print News About Latest Version of Package
Lcross | Multitype L-function (cross-type)
Lcross.inhom | Inhomogeneous Cross Type L Function
Ldot | Multitype L-function (i-to-any)
Ldot.inhom | Inhomogeneous Multitype L Dot Function
lengths.psp | Lengths of Line Segments
LennardJones | The Lennard-Jones Potential
Lest | L-function
letterR | Window in Shape of Letter R
levelset | Level Set of a Pixel Image
lgcp.estK | Fit a Log-Gaussian Cox Point Process by Minimum Contrast
lgcp.estpcf | Fit a Log-Gaussian Cox Point Process by Minimum Contrast
Linhom | L-function
linnet | Create a Linear Network
localK | Neighbourhood density function
localL | Neighbourhood density function
localpcf | Local pair correlation function
logLik.ppm | Log Likelihood for Poisson Point Process Model
logLik.slrm | Loglikelihood of Spatial Logistic Regression
longleaf | Longleaf Pines Point Pattern
lpp | Create Point Pattern on Linear Network
Lscaled | Locally Scaled K-function
lurking | Lurking variable plot
lut | Lookup Tables

## -- M --

markconnect | Mark Connection Function
markcorr | Mark Correlation Function
markcorrint | Mark Correlation Integral
markmean | Spatial smoothing of observations at irregular points
marks | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks.ppp | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks.ppx | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks.psp | Marks of a Line Segment Pattern
marks<- | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks<-.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
marks<-.ppp | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks<-.ppx | Marks of a Point Pattern
marks<-.psp | Marks of a Line Segment Pattern
markstat | Summarise Marks in Every Neighbourhood in a Point Pattern
marktable | Tabulate Marks in Neighbourhood of Every Point in a Point Pattern
markvar | Spatial smoothing of observations at irregular points
markvario | Mark Variogram
matchingdist | Distance for a Point Pattern Matching
matclust.estK | Fit the Matern Cluster Point Process by Minimum Contrast
matclust.estpcf | Fit the Matern Cluster Point Process by Minimum Contrast Using Pair Correlation
max.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
mean.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
median.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
midpoints.psp | Midpoints of Line Segment Pattern
min.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
mincontrast | Method of Minimum Contrast
miplot | Morishita Index Plot
model.frame.ppm | Extract the Environment of a Point Process Model
model.images | Compute Images of Constructed Covariates
model.matrix.ppm | Extract Design Matrix from Point Process Model
msr | Signed or Vector-Valued Measure
MultiHard | The Multitype Hard Core Point Process Model
multiplicity.ppp | Count Multiplicity of Duplicate Points
MultiStrauss | The Multitype Strauss Point Process Model
MultiStraussHard | The Multitype/Hard Core Strauss Point Process Model
murchison | Murchison gold deposits

## -- N --

nbextras | Point Patterns of New Brunswick Forest Fires
nbfires | Point Patterns of New Brunswick Forest Fires
nbw.rect | Point Patterns of New Brunswick Forest Fires
nearest.neighbour | Nearest Neighbour Distance Function G
nearest.raster.point | Find Pixel Nearest to a Given Point
nearestsegment | Find Line Segment Nearest to Each Point
nnclean | Nearest Neighbour Clutter Removal
nnclean.pp3 | Nearest Neighbour Clutter Removal
nnclean.ppp | Nearest Neighbour Clutter Removal
nncorr | Nearest-Neighbour Correlation Indices of Marked Point Pattern
nncross | Nearest Neighbours Between Two Patterns
nndist | Nearest neighbour distances
nndist.default | Nearest neighbour distances
nndist.pp3 | Nearest neighbour distances in three dimensions
nndist.ppp | Nearest neighbour distances
nndist.ppx | Nearest Neighbour Distances in Any Dimensions
nndist.psp | Nearest neighbour distances between line segments
nnmean | Nearest-Neighbour Correlation Indices of Marked Point Pattern
nnvario | Nearest-Neighbour Correlation Indices of Marked Point Pattern
nnwhich | Nearest neighbour
nnwhich.default | Nearest neighbour
nnwhich.pp3 | Nearest neighbours in three dimensions
nnwhich.ppp | Nearest neighbour
nnwhich.ppx | Nearest Neighbours in Any Dimensions
npoints | Number of Points in a Point Pattern
npoints.pp3 | Number of Points in a Point Pattern
npoints.ppp | Number of Points in a Point Pattern
npoints.ppx | Number of Points in a Point Pattern
nsegments | Number of Line Segments in a Line Segment Pattern
nsegments.psp | Number of Line Segments in a Line Segment Pattern
nztrees | New Zealand Trees Point Pattern

## -- O --

opening | Morphological Opening
opening.owin | Morphological Opening
opening.ppp | Morphological Opening
opening.psp | Morphological Opening
Ord | Generic Ord Interaction model
ord.family | Ord Interaction Process Family
OrdThresh | Ord's Interaction model
osteo | Osteocyte Lacunae Data: Replicated Three-Dimensional Point Patterns
owin | Create a Window
owin.object | Class owin
owin2gpc | Convert Polygonal Region into Different Format

## -- P --

pairdist | Pairwise distances
pairdist.default | Pairwise distances
pairdist.pp3 | Pairwise distances in Three Dimensions
pairdist.ppp | Pairwise distances
pairdist.ppx | Pairwise Distances in Any Dimensions
pairdist.psp | Pairwise distances between line segments
PairPiece | The Piecewise Constant Pairwise Interaction Point Process Model
pairs.im | Scatterplot Matrix for Pixel Images
pairsat.family | Saturated Pairwise Interaction Point Process Family
Pairwise | Generic Pairwise Interaction model
pairwise.family | Pairwise Interaction Process Family
paletteindex | Convert and Compare Colours in Different Formats
pcf | Pair Correlation Function
pcf.fasp | Pair Correlation Function obtained from array of K functions
pcf.fv | Pair Correlation Function obtained from K Function
pcf.ppp | Pair Correlation Function of Point Pattern
pcf3est | Pair Correlation Function of a Three-Dimensional Point Pattern
pcfcross | Multitype pair correlation function (cross-type)
pcfcross.inhom | Inhomogeneous Multitype Pair Correlation Function (Cross-Type)
pcfdot | Multitype pair correlation function (i-to-any)
pcfdot.inhom | Inhomogeneous Multitype Pair Correlation Function (Type-i-To-Any-Type)
pcfinhom | Inhomogeneous Pair Correlation Function
perimeter | Perimeter Length of Window
periodify | Make Periodic Copies of a Spatial Pattern
periodify.owin | Make Periodic Copies of a Spatial Pattern
periodify.ppp | Make Periodic Copies of a Spatial Pattern
periodify.psp | Make Periodic Copies of a Spatial Pattern
persp.distfun | Methods for Distance Functions
persp.im | Perspective Plot of Pixel Image
pixellate | Convert Spatial Object to Pixel Image
pixellate.owin | Convert Window to Pixel Image
pixellate.ppp | Convert Point Pattern to Pixel Image
pixellate.psp | Convert Line Segment Pattern to Pixel Image
pixelquad | Quadrature Scheme Based on Pixel Grid
pknn | Theoretical Distribution of Nearest Neighbour Distance
plot.bermantest | Plot Result of Berman Test
plot.colourmap | Plot a Colour Map
plot.diagppm | Diagnostic Plots for Fitted Point Process Model
plot.distfun | Methods for Distance Functions
plot.envelope | Plot a Simulation Envelope
plot.fasp | Plot a Function Array
plot.fv | Plot Function Values
plot.hyperframe | Plot Entries in a Hyperframe
plot.im | Plot a Pixel Image
plot.infline | Infinite Straight Lines
plot.kppm | Plot a fitted cluster point process
plot.kstest | Plot a Spatial Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
plot.linnet | Plot a linear network
plot.listof | Plot a List of Things
plot.msr | Plot a Signed or Vector-Valued Measure
plot.owin | Plot a Spatial Window
plot.plotppm | Plot a plotppm Object Created by plot.ppm
plot.pp3 | Plot a three-dimensional point pattern
plot.ppm | plot a Fitted Point Process Model
plot.ppp | plot a Spatial Point Pattern
plot.ppx | Methods for Multidimensional Space-Time Point Patterns
plot.psp | plot a Spatial Line Segment Pattern
plot.quad | plot a Spatial Quadrature Scheme
plot.slrm | Plot a Fitted Spatial Logistic Regression
plot.splitppp | Plot a List of Point Patterns
plot.tess | Plot a tessellation
pointsOnLines | Place Points Evenly Along Specified Lines
Poisson | Poisson Point Process Model
ponderosa | Ponderosa Pine Tree Point Pattern
ponderosa.extra | Ponderosa Pine Tree Point Pattern
pp3 | Three Dimensional Point Pattern
ppm | Fit Point Process Model to Data
ppm.object | Class of Fitted Point Process Models
ppp | Create a Point Pattern
ppp.object | Class of Point Patterns
pppdist | Distance Between Two Point Patterns
pppmatching | Create a Point Matching
pppmatching.object | Class of Point Matchings
ppx | Multidimensional Space-Time Point Pattern
predict.kppm | Prediction from a Fitted Cluster Point Process Model
predict.ppm | Prediction from a Fitted Point Process Model
predict.slrm | Predicted or Fitted Values from Spatial Logistic Regression
print.box3 | Methods for Three-Dimensional Box
print.boxx | Methods for Multi-Dimensional Box
print.distfun | Methods for Distance Functions
print.im | Print Brief Details of an Image
print.infline | Infinite Straight Lines
print.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
print.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
print.owin | Print Brief Details of a Spatial Window
print.pp3 | Methods for three-dimensional point patterns
print.ppm | Print a Fitted Point Process Model
print.ppp | Print Brief Details of a Point Pattern Dataset
print.ppx | Methods for Multidimensional Space-Time Point Patterns
print.psp | Print Brief Details of a Line Segment Pattern Dataset
print.quad | Print a Quadrature Scheme
print.summary.im | Summarizing a Pixel Image
print.summary.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
print.summary.pp3 | Methods for three-dimensional point patterns
print.summary.ppm | Summarizing a Fitted Point Process Model
print.summary.quad | Summarizing a Quadrature Scheme
profilepl | Profile Maximum Pseudolikelihood
progressreport | Print Progress Reports
project2segment | Move Point To Nearest Line
psp | Create a Line Segment Pattern
psp.object | Class of Line Segment Patterns

## -- Q --

qknn | Theoretical Distribution of Nearest Neighbour Distance
qqplot.ppm | Q-Q Plot of Residuals from Fitted Point Process Model
quad.object | Class of Quadrature Schemes
quad.ppm | Extract Quadrature Scheme Used to Fit a Point Process Model
quadrat.test | Chi-Squared Dispersion Test for Spatial Point Pattern Based on Quadrat Counts
quadrat.test.ppm | Chi-Squared Dispersion Test for Spatial Point Pattern Based on Quadrat Counts
quadrat.test.ppp | Chi-Squared Dispersion Test for Spatial Point Pattern Based on Quadrat Counts
quadrat.test.quadratcount | Chi-Squared Dispersion Test for Spatial Point Pattern Based on Quadrat Counts
quadrat.test.splitppp | Chi-Squared Test of CSR for Split Point Pattern
quadratcount | Quadrat counting for a point pattern
quadratcount.ppp | Quadrat counting for a point pattern
quadratcount.splitppp | Quadrat counting for a point pattern
quadratresample | Resample a Point Pattern by Resampling Quadrats
quadrats | Divide Region into Quadrats
quadscheme | Generate a Quadrature Scheme from a Point Pattern
quantile.im | Sample Quantiles of Pixel Image

## -- R --

range.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
raster.x | Cartesian Coordinates for a Pixel Raster
raster.y | Cartesian Coordinates for a Pixel Raster
rbind.hyperframe | Combine Hyperframes by Rows or by Columns
rcell | Simulate Baddeley-Silverman Cell Process
reach | Interaction Distance of a Point Process
reach.interact | Interaction Distance of a Point Process
reach.ppm | Interaction Distance of a Point Process
reach.rmhmodel | Interaction Distance of a Point Process
reduced.sample | Reduced Sample Estimator using Histogram Data
redwood | California Redwoods Point Pattern (Ripley's Subset)
redwoodfull | California Redwoods Point Pattern (Entire Dataset)
redwoodfull.extra | California Redwoods Point Pattern (Entire Dataset)
relrisk | Nonparametric Estimate of Spatially-Varying Relative Risk
rescale | Convert dataset to another unit of length
rescale.im | Convert Pixel Image to Another Unit of Length
rescale.owin | Convert Window to Another Unit of Length
rescale.ppp | Convert Point Pattern to Another Unit of Length
rescale.psp | Convert Line Segment Pattern to Another Unit of Length
rescue.rectangle | Convert Window Back To Rectangle
reset.spatstat.options | Internal Options in Spatstat Package
residuals.ppm | Residuals for Fitted Point Process Model
residualspaper | Data and Code From JRSS Discussion Paper on Residuals
rGaussPoisson | Simulate Gauss-Poisson Process
rgb2hex | Convert and Compare Colours in Different Formats
rgbim | Create Colour-Valued Pixel Image
rhohat | Smoothing Estimate of Covariate Transformation
ripras | Estimate window from points alone
rjitter | Random Perturbation of a Point Pattern
rknn | Theoretical Distribution of Nearest Neighbour Distance
rlabel | Random Re-Labelling of Point Pattern
rlinegrid | Generate grid of parallel lines with random displacement
rMatClust | Simulate Matern Cluster Process
rMaternI | Simulate Matern Model I
rMaternII | Simulate Matern Model II
rmh | Simulate point patterns using the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.
rmh.default | Simulate Point Process Models using the Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm.
rmh.ppm | Simulate from a Fitted Point Process Model
rmhcontrol | Set Control Parameters for Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm.
rmhcontrol.default | Set Control Parameters for Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm.
rmhmodel | Define Point Process Model for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rmhmodel.default | Build Point Process Model for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rmhmodel.list | Define Point Process Model for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rmhmodel.ppm | Interpret Fitted Model for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rmhstart | Determine Initial State for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rmhstart.default | Determine Initial State for Metropolis-Hastings Simulation.
rMosaicField | Mosaic Random Field
rMosaicSet | Mosaic Random Set
rmpoint | Generate N Random Multitype Points
rmpoispp | Generate Multitype Poisson Point Pattern
rNeymanScott | Simulate Neyman-Scott Process
rotate | Rotate
rotate.owin | Rotate a Window
rotate.ppp | Rotate a Point Pattern
rotate.psp | Rotate a Line Segment Pattern
rpoint | Generate N Random Points
rpoisline | Generate Poisson Random Line Process
rpoislinetess | Poisson Line Tessellation
rpoislpp | Poisson Point Process on a Linear Network
rpoispp | Generate Poisson Point Pattern
rpoispp3 | Generate Poisson Point Pattern in Three Dimensions
rpoisppOnLines | Generate Poisson Point Pattern on Line Segments
rpoisppx | Generate Poisson Point Pattern in Any Dimensions
rshift | Random Shift
rshift.ppp | Randomly Shift a Point Pattern
rshift.psp | Randomly Shift a Line Segment Pattern
rshift.splitppp | Randomly Shift a List of Point Patterns
rSSI | Simulate Simple Sequential Inhibition
rstrat | Simulate Stratified Random Point Pattern
rStrauss | Perfect Simulation of the Strauss Process
rsyst | Simulate systematic random point pattern
rthin | Random Thinning
rThomas | Simulate Thomas Process
runifdisc | Generate N Uniform Random Points in a Disc
runiflpp | Uniform Random Points on a Linear Network
runifpoint | Generate N Uniform Random Points
runifpoint3 | Generate N Uniform Random Points in Three Dimensions
runifpointOnLines | Generate N Uniform Random Points On Line Segments
runifpointx | Generate N Uniform Random Points in Any Dimensions

## -- S --

samecolour | Convert and Compare Colours in Different Formats
SatPiece | Piecewise Constant Saturated Pairwise Interaction Point Process Model
Saturated | Saturated Pairwise Interaction model
scaletointerval | Rescale Data to Lie Between Specified Limits
scaletointerval.default | Rescale Data to Lie Between Specified Limits
scaletointerval.im | Rescale Data to Lie Between Specified Limits
scanpp | Read Point Pattern From Data File
selfcrossing.psp | Crossing Points in a Line Segment Pattern
setcov | Set Covariance of a Window
setmarks | Marks of a Point Pattern
setminus.owin | Intersection, Union or Set Subtraction of Two Windows
shapley | Galaxies in the Shapley Supercluster
shapley.extra | Galaxies in the Shapley Supercluster
sharpen | Data Sharpening of Point Pattern
sharpen.ppp | Data Sharpening of Point Pattern
shift | Apply Vector Translation
shift.im | Apply Vector Translation To Pixel Image
shift.owin | Apply Vector Translation To Window
shift.ppp | Apply Vector Translation To Point Pattern
shift.psp | Apply Vector Translation To Line Segment Pattern
shortside | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
shortside.box3 | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
shortside.boxx | Geometrical Calculations for Multi-Dimensional Box
simdat | Simulated Point Pattern
simplenet | Simple Example of Linear Network
simplify.owin | Approximate a Polygon by a Simpler Polygon
simulate.kppm | Simulate a Fitted Cluster Point Process Model
simulate.ppm | Simulate a Fitted Gibbs Point Process Model
slrm | Spatial Logistic Regression
smooth.fv | Apply Smoothing to Function Values
smooth.msr | Smooth a Signed or Vector-Valued Measure
smooth.ppp | Spatial smoothing of observations at irregular points
Softcore | The Soft Core Point Process Model
solutionset | Evaluate Logical Expression Involving Pixel Images and Return Region Where Expression is True
spatstat | The Spatstat Package
spatstat.options | Internal Options in Spatstat Package
split.im | Divide Image Into Sub-images
split.ppp | Divide Point Pattern into Sub-patterns
split<-.ppp | Divide Point Pattern into Sub-patterns
spokes | Spokes pattern of dummy points
spruces | Spruces Point Pattern
square | Square Window
stieltjes | Compute Integral of Function Against Cumulative Distribution
Strauss | The Strauss Point Process Model
StraussHard | The Strauss / Hard Core Point Process Model
suffstat | Sufficient Statistic of Point Process Model
sum.im | Maximum, Minimum, Mean, Median, Range or Sum of Pixel Values in an Image
summary.im | Summarizing a Pixel Image
summary.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
summary.listof | Summary of a List of Things
summary.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
summary.owin | Summary of a Spatial Window
summary.pp3 | Methods for three-dimensional point patterns
summary.ppm | Summarizing a Fitted Point Process Model
summary.ppp | Summary of a Point Pattern Dataset
summary.psp | Summary of a Line Segment Pattern Dataset
summary.quad | Summarizing a Quadrature Scheme
summary.splitppp | Summary of a Split Point Pattern
superimpose | Superimpose Several Geometric Patterns
superimpose.default | Superimpose Several Geometric Patterns
superimpose.ppp | Superimpose Several Geometric Patterns
superimpose.psp | Superimpose Several Geometric Patterns
swedishpines | Swedish Pines Point Pattern

## -- T --

tess | Create a Tessellation
thomas.estK | Fit the Thomas Point Process by Minimum Contrast
thomas.estpcf | Fit the Thomas Point Process by Minimum Contrast
tile.areas | Compute Areas of Tiles in a Tessellation
tiles | Extract List of Tiles in a Tessellation
trim.rectangle | Cut margins from rectangle

## -- U --

union.owin | Intersection, Union or Set Subtraction of Two Windows
union.quad | Union of Data and Dummy Points
unique.ppp | Extract Unique Points from a Spatial Point Pattern
unit.square | Square Window
unitname | Name for Unit of Length
unitname.box3 | Methods for Three-Dimensional Box
unitname.boxx | Methods for Multi-Dimensional Box
unitname.im | Name for Unit of Length
unitname.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
unitname.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
unitname.owin | Name for Unit of Length
unitname.pp3 | Methods for three-dimensional point patterns
unitname.ppp | Name for Unit of Length
unitname.ppx | Methods for Multidimensional Space-Time Point Patterns
unitname.psp | Name for Unit of Length
unitname<- | Name for Unit of Length
unitname<-.box3 | Methods for Three-Dimensional Box
unitname<-.boxx | Methods for Multi-Dimensional Box
unitname<-.im | Name for Unit of Length
unitname<-.linnet | Methods for Linear Networks
unitname<-.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
unitname<-.owin | Name for Unit of Length
unitname<-.pp3 | Methods for three-dimensional point patterns
unitname<-.ppp | Name for Unit of Length
unitname<-.ppx | Methods for Multidimensional Space-Time Point Patterns
unitname<-.psp | Name for Unit of Length
unmark | Remove Marks
unmark.lpp | Methods for Point Patterns on a Linear Network
unmark.ppp | Remove Marks
unmark.ppx | Remove Marks
unmark.psp | Remove Marks
unmark.splitppp | Remove Marks
update.kppm | Update a Fitted Cluster Point Process Model
update.ppm | Update a Fitted Point Process Model
urkiola | Urkiola Woods Point Pattern

## -- V --

varblock | Estimate Variance of Summary Statistic by Subdivision
vcov.ppm | Variance-Covariance Matrix for a Fitted Point Process Model
vertices | Vertices of a Window
Vmark | Diagnostics for random marking
volume | Volume of an Object
volume.box3 | Geometrical Calculations for Three-Dimensional Box
volume.boxx | Geometrical Calculations for Multi-Dimensional Box
volume.owin | Area of a Window

## -- W --

which.max.im | Identify Pixelwise Maximum of Several Pixel Images
whist | Weighted Histogram
with.fv | Evaluate an Expression in a Function Table
with.hyperframe | Evaluate an Expression in Each Row of a Hyperframe

## -- misc --

%mark% | Marks of a Point Pattern
[.fasp | Extract Subset of Function Array
[.fv | Extract Subset of Function Values
[.im | Extract Subset of Image
[.msr | Extract Subset of Signed or Vector Measure
[.ppp | Extract or Replace Subset of Point Pattern
[.psp | Extract Subset of Line Segment Pattern
[.quad | Subset of Quadrature Scheme
[.splitppp | Extract or Replace Sub-Patterns
[.tess | Extract or Replace Subset of Tessellation
[<-.im | Reset Values in Subset of Image
[<-.listof | Extract or Replace Subset of a List of Things
[<-.ppp | Extract or Replace Subset of Point Pattern
[<-.quad | Subset of Quadrature Scheme
[<-.splitppp | Extract or Replace Sub-Patterns
[<-.tess | Extract or Replace Subset of Tessellation