# Community Ecology Package

## Documentation for package ‘vegan’ version 2.0-1

- DESCRIPTION file.
- Overview of user guides and package vignettes; browse directory.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T V W

vegan-package | Community Ecology Package: Ordination, Diversity and Dissimilarities

## -- A --

add1.cca | Add or Drop Single Terms to a Constrained Ordination Model
ade2vegancca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
adipart | Additive Diversity Partitioning and Hierarchical Null Model Testing
adonis | Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance Using Distance Matrices
AIC.radfit | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
alias.cca | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
anosim | Analysis of Similarities
anova.betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
anova.cca | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
anova.ccabyaxis | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
anova.ccabymargin | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
anova.ccabyterm | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
anova.ccanull | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
anova.prc | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
as.fisher | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
as.mcmc.oecosimu | Null Models for Biological Communities
as.mcmc.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
as.mlm | Refit Constrained Ordination as a Multiple Response Linear Model
as.mlm.cca | Refit Constrained Ordination as a Multiple Response Linear Model
as.mlm.rda | Refit Constrained Ordination as a Multiple Response Linear Model
as.preston | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
as.rad | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
as.ts.oecosimu | Null Models for Biological Communities
as.ts.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data

## -- B --

BCI | Barro Colorado Island Tree Counts
beals | Beals Smoothing and Degree of Absence
betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
betadiver | Indices of beta Diversity
bgdispersal | Coefficients of Biogeographical Dispersal Direction
bioenv | Best Subset of Environmental Variables with Maximum (Rank) Correlation with Community Dissimilarities
bioenv.default | Best Subset of Environmental Variables with Maximum (Rank) Correlation with Community Dissimilarities
bioenv.formula | Best Subset of Environmental Variables with Maximum (Rank) Correlation with Community Dissimilarities
biplot.CCorA | Canonical Correlation Analysis
biplot.rda | PCA biplot
boxplot.betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
boxplot.specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
bstick | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
bstick.cca | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
bstick.decorana | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
bstick.default | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
bstick.prcomp | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
bstick.princomp | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions

## -- C --

calibrate | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
calibrate.cca | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
calibrate.ordisurf | Fit and Plot Smooth Surfaces of Variables on Ordination.
capscale | [Partial] Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates or distance-based RDA
cascadeKM | K-means partitioning using a range of values of K
cca | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
cca.default | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
cca.formula | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
cca.object | Result Object from Constrained Ordination with cca, rda or capscale
CCorA | Canonical Correlation Analysis
cIndexKM | K-means partitioning using a range of values of K
clamtest | Multinomial Species Classification Method (CLAM)
coef.cca | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
coef.radfit | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
coef.rda | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
commsimulator | Null Models for Biological Communities
confint.fisherfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
confint.MOStest | Mitchell-Olds & Shaw Test for the Location of Quadratic Extreme
contribdiv | Contribution Diversity Approach
cophenetic.spantree | Minimum Spanning Tree
coverscale | Prints a Compact, Ordered Vegetation Table

## -- D --

decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
decostand | Standardization Methods for Community Ecology
density.oecosimu | Null Models for Biological Communities
densityplot.oecosimu | Null Models for Biological Communities
designdist | Design your own Dissimilarities
deviance.cca | Statistics Resembling Deviance and AIC for Constrained Ordination
deviance.rda | Statistics Resembling Deviance and AIC for Constrained Ordination
dispindmorisita | Morisita index of intraspecific aggregation
distconnected | Connectedness of Dissimilarities
diversity | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
downweight | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
drarefy | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
drop1.cca | Add or Drop Single Terms to a Constrained Ordination Model
dune | Vegetation and Environment in Dutch Dune Meadows.
dune.env | Vegetation and Environment in Dutch Dune Meadows.
dune.taxon | Taxonomic Classification of Dune Meadow Species

## -- E --

eigengrad | Weighted Averages Scores for Species
eigenvals | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.cca | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.default | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.dudi | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.pca | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.pcnm | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.pco | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.prcomp | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.princomp | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
eigenvals.wcmdscale | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
envfit | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
envfit.default | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
envfit.formula | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
estaccumR | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
estimateR | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
estimateR.data.frame | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
estimateR.default | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
estimateR.matrix | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
eventstar | Scale Parameter at the Minimum of the Tsallis Evenness Profile
extractAIC.cca | Statistics Resembling Deviance and AIC for Constrained Ordination

## -- F --

factorfit | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
fieller.MOStest | Mitchell-Olds & Shaw Test for the Location of Quadratic Extreme
fisher.alpha | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
fisherfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
fitspecaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
fitted.capscale | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
fitted.cca | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
fitted.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
fitted.radfit | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
fitted.rda | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)

## -- G --

goodness | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
goodness.cca | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
goodness.metaMDS | Goodness of Fit and Shepard Plot for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
goodness.monoMDS | Goodness of Fit and Shepard Plot for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
goodness.rda | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)

## -- H --

head.summary.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
hiersimu | Additive Diversity Partitioning and Hierarchical Null Model Testing
humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass

## -- I --

identify.ordiplot | Alternative plot and identify Functions for Ordination
indpower | Indicator Power of Species
inertcomp | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
initMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
intersetcor | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
isomap | Isometric Feature Mapping Ordination
isomapdist | Isometric Feature Mapping Ordination

## -- K --

kendall.global | Kendall coefficient of concordance
kendall.post | Kendall coefficient of concordance

## -- L --

lines.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
lines.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
lines.preston | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
lines.prestonfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
lines.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
lines.radline | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
lines.spantree | Minimum Spanning Tree
linestack | Plots One-dimensional Diagrams without Overwriting Labels

## -- M --

make.cepnames | Abbreviates a Botanical or Zoological Latin Name into an Eight-character Name
mantel | Mantel and Partial Mantel Tests for Dissimilarity Matrices
mantel.correlog | Mantel Correlogram
mantel.partial | Mantel and Partial Mantel Tests for Dissimilarity Matrices
MDSrotate | Rotate First MDS Dimension Parallel to an External Variable
meandist | Multi Response Permutation Procedure and Mean Dissimilarity Matrix
metaMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
metaMDSdist | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
metaMDSiter | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
metaMDSredist | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
metaMDSrotate | Deprecated Functions in vegan package
mite | Oribatid Mite Data with Explanatory Variables
mite.env | Oribatid Mite Data with Explanatory Variables
mite.pcnm | Oribatid Mite Data with Explanatory Variables
mite.xy | Oribatid Mite Data with Explanatory Variables
model.frame.cca | Reconstruct Model Frame and Model Matrices of Constrained Ordination
model.matrix.cca | Reconstruct Model Frame and Model Matrices of Constrained Ordination
monoMDS | Global and Local Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and Linear and Hybrid Scaling
MOStest | Mitchell-Olds & Shaw Test for the Location of Quadratic Extreme
mrpp | Multi Response Permutation Procedure and Mean Dissimilarity Matrix
mso | Functions for performing and displaying a spatial partitioning of cca or rda results
msoplot | Functions for performing and displaying a spatial partitioning of cca or rda results
multipart | Multiplicative Diversity Partitioning

## -- N --

nestedchecker | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
nesteddisc | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
nestedn0 | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
nestednodf | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
nestedtemp | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
no.shared | Connectedness of Dissimilarities
nobs.adonis | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.betadisper | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.cca | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.CCorA | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.decorana | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.isomap | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.metaMDS | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.pcnm | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.procrustes | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.rad | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.varpart | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.
nobs.wcmdscale | Extract the Number of Observations from a vegan Fit.

## -- O --

oecosimu | Null Models for Biological Communities
orderingKM | K-means partitioning using a range of values of K
ordiarrows | Add Arrows and Line Segments to Ordination Diagrams
ordicloud | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
ordicluster | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
ordiellipse | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
ordigrid | Add Arrows and Line Segments to Ordination Diagrams
ordihull | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
ordilabel | Add Text on Non-transparent Label to an Ordination Plot.
ordilattice.getEnvfit | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
ordimedian | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
ordiplot | Alternative plot and identify Functions for Ordination
ordiplot3d | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics
ordipointlabel | Ordination Plots with Points and Optimized Locations for Text
ordiR2step | Choose a Model by Permutation Tests in Constrained Ordination
ordiresids | Plots of Residuals and Fitted Values for Constrained Ordination
ordirgl | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics
ordisegments | Add Arrows and Line Segments to Ordination Diagrams
ordispider | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
ordisplom | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
ordistep | Choose a Model by Permutation Tests in Constrained Ordination
ordisurf | Fit and Plot Smooth Surfaces of Variables on Ordination.
ordisurf.default | Fit and Plot Smooth Surfaces of Variables on Ordination.
ordisurf.formula | Fit and Plot Smooth Surfaces of Variables on Ordination.
orditkplot | Ordination Plot with Movable Labels
orditorp | Add Text or Points to Ordination Plots
ordixyplot | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
orglpoints | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics
orglsegments | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics
orglspider | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics
orgltext | Three-Dimensional and Dynamic Ordination Graphics

## -- P --

panel.ordi | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
panel.ordi3d | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
panel.ordiarrows | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
pcnm | Principal Coordinates of Neighbourhood Matrix
permatfull | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
permatswap | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
permutations | Permutation tests in Vegan
permutest | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
permutest.betadisper | Permutation test of multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
permutest.cca | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
permutest.default | Permutation Test for Constrained Correspondence Analysis, Redundancy Analysis and Constrained Analysis of Principal Coordinates
persp.renyiaccum | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
persp.tsallisaccum | Tsallis Diversity and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
plot.anosim | Analysis of Similarities
plot.betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
plot.betadiver | Indices of beta Diversity
plot.cascadeKM | K-means partitioning using a range of values of K
plot.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
plot.clamtest | Multinomial Species Classification Method (CLAM)
plot.contribdiv | Contribution Diversity Approach
plot.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
plot.envfit | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
plot.fisher | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
plot.fisherfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
plot.fitspecaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
plot.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
plot.isomap | Isometric Feature Mapping Ordination
plot.mantel.correlog | Mantel Correlogram
plot.meandist | Multi Response Permutation Procedure and Mean Dissimilarity Matrix
plot.metaMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
plot.monoMDS | Global and Local Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and Linear and Hybrid Scaling
plot.MOStest | Mitchell-Olds & Shaw Test for the Location of Quadratic Extreme
plot.nestedtemp | Nestedness Indices for Communities of Islands or Patches
plot.ordisurf | Fit and Plot Smooth Surfaces of Variables on Ordination.
plot.orditkplot | Ordination Plot with Movable Labels
plot.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
plot.poolaccum | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
plot.prc | Principal Response Curves for Treatments with Repeated Observations
plot.preston | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
plot.prestonfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
plot.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
plot.profile.fisherfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
plot.rad | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
plot.radfit | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
plot.radfit.frame | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
plot.radline | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
plot.renyi | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
plot.renyiaccum | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
plot.spantree | Minimum Spanning Tree
plot.specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
plot.taxondive | Indices of Taxonomic Diversity and Distinctness
plot.varpart | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
plot.varpart234 | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
points.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
points.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
points.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
points.metaMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
points.ordiplot | Alternative plot and identify Functions for Ordination
points.orditkplot | Ordination Plot with Movable Labels
points.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
points.radline | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
poolaccum | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
postMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
prc | Principal Response Curves for Treatments with Repeated Observations
predict.cca | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
predict.decorana | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
predict.fitspecaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
predict.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
predict.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
predict.rda | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
predict.specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
pregraphKM | K-means partitioning using a range of values of K
prepanel.ordi3d | Trellis (Lattice) Plots for Ordination
prestondistr | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
prestonfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
print.hiersimu | Additive Diversity Partitioning and Hierarchical Null Model Testing
print.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
print.protest | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
print.specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
print.summary.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
print.summary.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
print.summary.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
profile.fisherfit | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
profile.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
profile.MOStest | Mitchell-Olds & Shaw Test for the Location of Quadratic Extreme
protest | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
pyrifos | Response of Aquatic Invertebrates to Insecticide Treatment

## -- R --

rad.lognormal | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
rad.null | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
rad.preempt | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
rad.zipf | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
rad.zipfbrot | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
radfit | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
radfit.data.frame | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
radfit.default | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
radlattice | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
rankindex | Compares Dissimilarity Indices for Gradient Detection
rarefy | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
raupcrick | Raup-Crick Dissimilarity with Unequal Sampling Densities of Species
rda | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
rda.default | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
rda.formula | [Partial] [Constrained] Correspondence Analysis and Redundancy Analysis
read.cep | Reads a CEP (Canoco) data file
renyi | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
renyiaccum | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
residuals.cca | Prediction Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
residuals.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
rgl.isomap | Isometric Feature Mapping Ordination
rgl.renyiaccum | Renyi and Hill Diversities and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
rrarefy | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
RsquareAdj | Adjusted R-square
RsquareAdj.cca | Adjusted R-square
RsquareAdj.default | Adjusted R-square
RsquareAdj.glm | Adjusted R-square
RsquareAdj.lm | Adjusted R-square
RsquareAdj.rda | Adjusted R-square

## -- S --

scores | Get Species or Site Scores from an Ordination
scores.betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)
scores.betadiver | Indices of beta Diversity
scores.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
scores.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
scores.default | Get Species or Site Scores from an Ordination
scores.envfit | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
scores.lda | Get Species or Site Scores from an Ordination
scores.metaMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
scores.monoMDS | Global and Local Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and Linear and Hybrid Scaling
scores.ordihull | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
scores.ordiplot | Alternative plot and identify Functions for Ordination
scores.orditkplot | Ordination Plot with Movable Labels
scores.pcnm | Principal Coordinates of Neighbourhood Matrix
scores.rda | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
screeplot.cca | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
screeplot.decorana | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
screeplot.prcomp | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
screeplot.princomp | Screeplots for Ordination Results and Broken Stick Distributions
showvarparts | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
simpleRDA2 | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
simulate.capscale | Simulate Responses with Gaussian Error or Permuted Residuals for Constrained Ordination
simulate.cca | Simulate Responses with Gaussian Error or Permuted Residuals for Constrained Ordination
simulate.rda | Simulate Responses with Gaussian Error or Permuted Residuals for Constrained Ordination
sipoo | Birds in the Archipelago of Sipoo (Sibbo)
spandepth | Minimum Spanning Tree
spantree | Minimum Spanning Tree
specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
specnumber | Ecological Diversity Indices and Rarefaction Species Richness
specpool | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
specpool2vect | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
spenvcor | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)
SSarrhenius | Self-Starting nls Species-Area Models
SSgitay | Self-Starting nls Species-Area Models
SSgleason | Self-Starting nls Species-Area Models
SSlomolino | Self-Starting nls Species-Area Models
stepacross | Stepacross as Flexible Shortest Paths or Extended Dissimilarities
stressplot | Goodness of Fit and Shepard Plot for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
stressplot.default | Goodness of Fit and Shepard Plot for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
stressplot.monoMDS | Goodness of Fit and Shepard Plot for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling
summary.anosim | Analysis of Similarities
summary.bioenv | Best Subset of Environmental Variables with Maximum (Rank) Correlation with Community Dissimilarities
summary.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
summary.clamtest | Multinomial Species Classification Method (CLAM)
summary.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
summary.eigenvals | Extract Eigenvalues from an Ordination Object
summary.humpfit | No-interaction Model for Hump-backed Species Richness vs. Biomass
summary.isomap | Isometric Feature Mapping Ordination
summary.meandist | Multi Response Permutation Procedure and Mean Dissimilarity Matrix
summary.ordiellipse | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
summary.ordihull | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
summary.permat | Matrix Permutation Algorithms for Presence-Absence and Count Data
summary.poolaccum | Extrapolated Species Richness in a Species Pool
summary.prc | Principal Response Curves for Treatments with Repeated Observations
summary.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
summary.radfit.frame | Rank - Abundance or Dominance / Diversity Models
summary.specaccum | Species Accumulation Curves
summary.taxondive | Indices of Taxonomic Diversity and Distinctness
swan | Beals Smoothing and Degree of Absence

## -- T --

tail.summary.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
taxa2dist | Indices of Taxonomic Diversity and Distinctness
taxondive | Indices of Taxonomic Diversity and Distinctness
text.cca | Plot or Extract Results of Constrained Correspondence Analysis or Redundancy Analysis
text.decorana | Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Basic Reciprocal Averaging
text.metaMDS | Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling with Stable Solution from Random Starts, Axis Scaling and Species Scores
text.ordiplot | Alternative plot and identify Functions for Ordination
text.orditkplot | Ordination Plot with Movable Labels
text.procrustes | Procrustes Rotation of Two Configurations and PROTEST
tolerance | Species tolerances and sample heterogeneities
tolerance.cca | Species tolerances and sample heterogeneities
treedist | Functional Diversity estimated from a Species Dendrogram
treedive | Functional Diversity estimated from a Species Dendrogram
treeheight | Functional Diversity estimated from a Species Dendrogram
tsallis | Tsallis Diversity and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
tsallisaccum | Tsallis Diversity and Corresponding Accumulation Curves
TukeyHSD.betadisper | Multivariate homogeneity of groups dispersions (variances)

## -- V --

varechem | Vegetation and environment in lichen pastures
varespec | Vegetation and environment in lichen pastures
varpart | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
varpart2 | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
varpart3 | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
varpart4 | Partition the Variation of Community Matrix by 2, 3, or 4 Explanatory Matrices
vectorfit | Fits an Environmental Vector or Factor onto an Ordination
vegan | Community Ecology Package: Ordination, Diversity and Dissimilarities
vegan-deprecated | Deprecated Functions in vegan package
vegandocs | Display Package Documentation
vegdist | Dissimilarity Indices for Community Ecologists
vegemite | Prints a Compact, Ordered Vegetation Table
veiledspec | Fit Fisher's Logseries and Preston's Lognormal Model to Abundance Data
vif.cca | Diagnostic Tools for [Constrained] Ordination (CCA, RDA, DCA, CA, PCA)

## -- W --

wascores | Weighted Averages Scores for Species
wcmdscale | Weighted Classical (Metric) Multidimensional Scaling
weights.cca | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
weights.decorana | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
weights.rda | Display Groups or Factor Levels in Ordination Diagrams
wisconsin | Standardization Methods for Community Ecology