variog.mc.env {geoR} | R Documentation

## Envelops for Empirical Variograms Based on Permutation

### Description

Computes envelops for empirical variograms by permutation of the data values on the spatial locations.

### Usage

    variog.mc.env(geodata, coords = geodata$coords, data = geodata$data,
                  obj.variog, nsim = 99, save.sim = FALSE, messages)

### Arguments

`geodata` | a list containing elements `coords` and `data` as described next. Typically an object of the class `"geodata"` - a geoR data-set. If not provided the arguments `coords` and `data` must be provided instead.
`coords` | an n x 2 matrix, each row containing Euclidean coordinates of the n data locations. By default it takes the element `coords` of the argument `geodata`.
`data` | a vector with the data values. By default it takes the element `data` of the argument `geodata`.
`obj.variog` | an object of the class `"variogram"`, typically an output of the function `variog`.
`nsim` | number of simulations used to compute the envelope. Defaults to 99.
`save.sim` | logical. Indicates whether or not the simulated data are included in the output. Defaults to `FALSE`.
`messages` | logical. If `TRUE`, the default, status messages are printed while the function is running.

### Details

The envelops are obtained by permutation. For each simulations data values are randomly allocated to the spatial locations. The empirical variogram is computed for each simulation using the same lags as for the variogram originally computed for the data. The envelops are computed by taking, at each lag, the maximum and minimum values of the variograms for the simulated data.

### Value

An object of the `class` `"variogram.envelope"` which is a list with the following components:

`u` | a vector with distances.
`v.lower` | a vector with the minimum variogram values at each distance in `u`.
`v.upper` | a vector with the maximum variogram values at each distance in `u`.
`simulations` | a matrix with simulated data. Only returned if `save.sim = TRUE`.

### Author(s)

Paulo Justiniano Ribeiro Jr. paulojus@leg.ufpr.br,
Peter J. Diggle p.diggle@lancaster.ac.uk.

### References

Further information on the package geoR can be found at:
http://www.leg.ufpr.br/geoR.

### See Also

`variog.model.env` for envelops computed by from a model specification, `variog` for variogram calculations, `plot.variogram` and `variog.mc.env` for graphical output.

### Examples

    s100.vario <- variog(s100, max.dist=1)
    s100.env <- variog.mc.env(s100, obj.var = s100.vario)
    plot(s100.vario, envelope = s100.env)

[Package geoR version 1.6-19 Index]