// [[Rcpp::depends(BH)]]
//===========================================================================
/*!
 * 
 *
 * \brief       Soft-max transformation.
 * 
 * 
 *
 * \author      O. Krause, T. Glasmachers
 * \date        2010-2011
 *
 *
 * \par Copyright 1995-2015 Shark Development Team
 * 
 * <BR><HR>
 * This file is part of Shark.
 * <http://image.diku.dk/shark/>
 * 
 * Shark is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published 
 * by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 * 
 * Shark is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 * 
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with Shark.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 */
//===========================================================================


#ifndef SHARK_MODELS_SOFTMAX_H
#define SHARK_MODELS_SOFTMAX_H

#include <shark/Core/DLLSupport.h>
#include <shark/Models/AbstractModel.h>
namespace shark {


///
/// \brief Softmax function
///
/// \par
/// Squash an n-dimensional real vector space
/// to the (n-1)-dimensional probability simplex:
/// \f[
///      f_i(x) = \frac{\exp(x_i)}{\sum_j \exp(x_j)}
/// \f]
/// This also corresponds to the exponential norm of the input.
///
/// in the case of n=1, the output is
/// \f[
///      f_i(x) = \frac{\exp((2i-1)x)}{\exp(x_j)+\exp(-x_j)}
/// \f]
/// and the output dimension is 2. 
///
/// This convention ensures that all models that are trained via CrossEntropy
/// can be used as input to this model and the output will be the probability
/// of the labels.
        
class Softmax : public AbstractModel<RealVector,RealVector>
{
private:
        struct InternalState : public State{
                RealMatrix results;

                void resize(std::size_t numPatterns,std::size_t inputs){
                        results.resize(numPatterns,inputs);
                }
        };

public:
        /// Constructor
        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL Softmax(size_t inputs);
        /// Constructor
        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL Softmax();

        /// \brief From INameable: return the class name.
        std::string name() const
        { return "Softmax"; }

        RealVector parameterVector()const{
                return RealVector();
        }
        void setParameterVector(RealVector const& newParameters){
                SIZE_CHECK(newParameters.size()==0);
        }

        size_t inputSize()const{
                return m_inputSize;
        }
        size_t outputSize()const{
                return m_inputSize==1?2:m_inputSize;
        }
        size_t numberOfParameters()const{
                return 0;
        }

        boost::shared_ptr<State> createState()const{
                return boost::shared_ptr<State>(new InternalState());
        }

        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL void eval(BatchInputType const& patterns,BatchOutputType& output)const;
        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL void eval(BatchInputType const& patterns,BatchOutputType& output, State & state)const;
        using AbstractModel<RealVector,RealVector>::eval;
        
        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL void weightedParameterDerivative(
                BatchInputType const& patterns, BatchOutputType const& coefficients,  State const& state, RealVector& gradient
        )const;
        SHARK_EXPORT_SYMBOL void weightedInputDerivative(
                BatchInputType const& patterns, RealMatrix const& coefficients,  State const& state, BatchOutputType& gradient
        )const;

        void setStructure(std::size_t inputSize){
                m_inputSize = inputSize;
        }
        
        /// From ISerializable, reads a model from an archive
        ;

        /// From ISerializable, writes a model to an archive
        private:
        std::size_t m_inputSize;
};

}
#endif

