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# numpy.npv

`numpy.``npv`(rate, values)

  Returns the NPV (Net Present Value) of a cash flow series.

  Parameters: | rate : scalar The discount rate. values : array_like, shape(M, ) The values of the time series of cash flows. The (fixed) time interval between cash flow “events” must be the same as that for which `rate` is given (i.e., if `rate` is per year, then precisely a year is understood to elapse between each cash flow event). By convention, investments or “deposits” are negative, income or “withdrawals” are positive; values must begin with the initial investment, thus values[0] will typically be negative.
  Returns: | out : float The NPV of the input cash flow series values at the discount `rate`.

  Notes

  Returns the result of: [G58]

  References

  [G58] | (1, 2) L. J. Gitman, “Principles of Managerial Finance, Brief,” 3rd ed., Addison-Wesley, 2003, pg. 346.

  Examples

      >>> np.npv(0.281,[-100, 39, 59, 55, 20])
      -0.0084785916384548798

  (Compare with the Example given for numpy.lib.financial.irr)