  [ Anmerkung:  Diese Anleitung zu fdisk ist ein Auszug eines News-   ]
  [             Artikels von Matt Welsh, den wir um einige Kommentare ]
  [             ergnzt haben.                                        ]
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------

  The Linux Installation HOWTO
  by Matt Welsh, mdw@sunsite.unc.edu
  v2.1, 23 March 1994


  4.1.  Repartitioning

  On most systems, the hard drive is already dedicated to partitions for
  MS-DOS, OS/2, and so on.  You need to resize these partitions in order
  to make space for Linux.

  A  partition  is  just  a  section  of  the hard drive set aside for a
  particular operating system to use. If you only have MS-DOS installed,
  your  hard drive probably has just one partition, entirely for MS-DOS.
  To use Linux, however, you'll need to repartition the drive,  so  that
  you have one partition for MS-DOS, and one (or more) for Linux.

  The  problem with resizing partitions is that there is no way to do it
  (easily) without deleting the data on  those  partitions.   Therefore,
  you   will   need  to  make  a  full  backup  of  your  system  before
  repartitioning. In order to resize a partition, we simply  delete  the
  partition(s), and re-create them with smaller sizes.

  NOTE:  There is a non-destructive disk repartitioner available for MS-
  DOS,  called  FIPS.  Look  on   sunsite.unc.edu   in   the   directory
  /pub/Linux/system/Install. With FIPS, a disk optimizer (such as Norton
  Disk Doctor), and a little bit of luck, you should be able  to  resize
  MS-DOS partitions without destroying the data on them.

  [Anm:  Wir halten  FIPS fr noch nicht ausgereift genug, um als      ]
  [      Standardlsung in einer Disrtribution angeboten zu werden.    ]

  If  you're  not  using  FIPS,  however,  the  classic  way  to  modify
  partitions is with the program FDISK. For example, let's say that  you
  have an 80 meg hard drive, dedicated to MS-DOS. You'd like to split it
  in half---40 megs for MS-DOS and 40 megs for Linux.  In  order  to  do
  this,  you  need  to  run FDISK under MS-DOS, delete the 80 meg MS-DOS
  partition, and re-create a 40 meg MS-DOS partition in its  place.  You
  can  then  format the new partition and reinstall your MS-DOS software
  from backups.

  Use of MS-DOS FDISK should be self-explanatory. You'll need to make  a
  full  backup  of  your  system, and have a bootable MS-DOS floppy with
  utilities such as FDISK.EXE and FORMAT.COM installed (the original MS-
  DOS  installation  disks  are the best thing to use for this). Booting
  from the floppy, you run FDISK on your hard drive, and  use  the  menu
  options to delete your current MS-DOS partition, and then re-create it
  with a smaller size. You can then re-install the MS-DOS software  from
  backup.

  The mechanism used to repartition for OS/2 and other operating systems
  is similar. See the documentation  for  those  operating  systems  for
  details.


  4.2.1.  Using fdisk

  To create partitions, you'll  use  the  Linux  fdisk  program.   After
  logging in as root, run the command

       fdisk <drive>

  [ Anm: fdisk wird automatisch vom Installationsskript aufgerufen, wenn Sie ]
  [      im Hauptmen den Punkt "a" whlen. Sie mssen dann nur noch die     ]
  [      entsprechende Festplatte angeben.                                   ]

  where  <drive>  is the name of the drive that you wish to create Linux
  partitions on. Hard drive device names are:

  o  /dev/hda First IDE drive

  o  /dev/hdb Second IDE drive

  o  /dev/sda First SCSI drive

  o  /dev/sdb Second SCSI drive

     and so on. For example, to create Linux  partitions  on  the  first
     SCSI drive in your system, use the command

       fdisk /dev/sda


  If you use fdisk without an argument, it will assume /dev/hda.

  Use  of  fdisk  is  simple.  The  command  ``p'' displays your current
  partition table. ``n'' creates a new partition, and  ``d''  deletes  a
  partition.

  To  Linux,  partitions  are given a name based on the drive which they
  belong to. For example, the first partition on /dev/hda is  /dev/hda1,
  the second is /dev/hda2, and so on.

  NOTE: You should not create or delete partitions for operating systems
  other than Linux with Linux fdisk. That is, don't create or delete MS-
  DOS  partitions  with  this  version of fdisk; use MS-DOS's version of
  FDISK instead. If you try  to  create  MS-DOS  partitions  with  Linux
  fdisk,  chances  are  MS-DOS  will not recognize the partition and not
  boot correctly.

  Here's an example of using  fdisk.  Here,  we  have  a  single  MS-DOS
  partition  using  61693 blocks on the drive, and the rest of the drive
  is free for Linux. (Under Linux, one block is 1024  bytes.  Therefore,
  61693  blocks  is  about  61  megabytes.)   We  will  create two Linux
  partitions: one for swap, and one for the root filesystem.

  First, we use the ``p''  command  to  display  the  current  partition
  table.  As you can see, /dev/hda1 (the first partition on /dev/hda) is
  a DOS partition of 61693 blocks.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Command (m for help):   p
  Disk /dev/hda: 16 heads, 38 sectors, 683 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 608 * 512 bytes

       Device Boot  Begin   Start     End  Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1   *       1       1     203   61693    6  DOS 16-bit >=32M

  Command (m for help):
  ______________________________________________________________________



  Next, we use the ``n'' command to create a new  partition.  The  Linux
  root partition will be 80 megs in size.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Command (m for help):  n
  Command action
      e   extended
      p   primary partition (1-4)
  p
  ______________________________________________________________________



  A  primary  partition is simply one of the 4 partitions on your drive.
  An extended partition allows you to create multiple logical partitions
  within  it; this allows you to go over the four-partition limit on the
  drive. In most cases, you should only use  primary  partitions  unless
  you need more than 4 partitions on a drive.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Partition number (1-4): 2
  First cylinder (204-683):  204
  Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (204-683): +80M
  ______________________________________________________________________



  The  first  cylinder  should  be  the  cylinder  AFTER  where the last
  partition left off. In this case, /dev/hda1 ended on cylinder 203,  so
  we start the new partition at cylinder 204.

  As  you  can  see,  if  we  use  the notation ``+80M'', it specifies a
  partition of 80 megs in size. Likewise, the  notation  ``+80K''  would
  specify an 80 kilobyte partition, and ``+80'' would specify just an 80
  byte partition.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Warning: Linux cannot currently use 33090 sectors of this partition
  ______________________________________________________________________

  If you see this warning, you can ignore it. It is left  over  from  an
  old  restriction that Linux filesystems could only be 64 megs in size.
  However, with newer filesystem types, that is no  longer  the  case...
  partitions can now be up to 4 terabytes in size.

  Next, we create our 10 megabyte swap partition, /dev/hda3.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Command (m for help): n
  Command action
      e   extended
      p   primary partition (1-4)
  p

  Partition number (1-4): 3
  First cylinder (474-683):  474
  Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (474-683):  +10M
  ______________________________________________________________________



  Again,  we  display  the  contents  of the partition table. Be sure to
  write down the information here, especially the size of each partition
  in blocks. You need this information later.

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Command (m for help): p
  Disk /dev/hda: 16 heads, 38 sectors, 683 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 608 * 512 bytes

       Device Boot  Begin   Start     End  Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1   *       1       1     203   61693    6  DOS 16-bit >=32M
    /dev/hda2         204     204     473   82080   83  Linux native
    /dev/hda3         474     474     507   10336   83  Linux native
  ______________________________________________________________________



  Note  that the Linux swap partition (here, /dev/hda3) has type ``Linux
  native''. We need to change the type of the swap partition to  ``Linux
  swap''  so  that  the installation program will recognize it as a swap
  partition. In order to do this, use the fdisk ``t'' command:

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Command (m for help): t
  Partition number (1-4): 3
  Hex code (type L to list codes): 82
  ______________________________________________________________________



  If you use ``L'' to list the type codes, you'll find that  82  is  the
  code corresponding to Linux swap.

  To  quit  fdisk  and  save the changes to the partition table, use the
  ``w'' command. To quit fdisk WITHOUT saving  changes,  use  the  ``q''
  command.

  After  quitting  fdisk, the system may tell you to reboot to make sure
  that the changes took effect. In general there is no reason to  reboot
  after using fdisk---the version of fdisk on the Slackware distribution
  is smart enough to update the partitions without rebooting.

  [ Anm: Unser fdisk auch... Aber wir empfehlen trotzdem den reboot... ]


