# MAN5 MAN5 (5) Section 5 of the Manual is for information that doesn't fit in any other section, for example ASCII tables. The sections of the manual are: Section 1: User commands Section 2: System calls Section 3: C library Section 4: File formats -->Section 5: Miscellaneous Section 6: Games Section 7: Special files (devices) Section 8: Maintenance procedures # ansi ANSI ansi (5) ANSII escape sequences Sequences for cursor movement and graphics ESC[Pl;PcH move to line Pl, column Pc ESC[PnA move up Pn lines without changing column ESC[PnB move down Pn lines without changing column ESC[PnC move ahead Pn columns in the same line ESC[PnD move back Pn columns in the same line ESC[K erase from current postion to end of line ESC[Psm Change display mode Values for Ps: Text attributes: 0 normal 1 bright 4 underscored (only monochrome) 5 blinking 7 reversed video 8 invisible Foreground color: 30 black 31 red 32 green 33 yellow 34 blue 35 magenta 36 cyan 37 white Background color: 40 black 41 red 42 green 43 yellow 44 blue 45 magenta 46 cyan 47 white SEE ALSO: MS-DOS 5.0 Reference Guide, Chapter 15, ANSI.SYS Note: Minix implements only a subset of the ANSI escape sequences. # ascii ASCII ascii (5) ASCII Character codes (with IBM extended characters) 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 A0 B0 C0 D0 E0 F0 (hex) Ŀ +0 ^@ ^P SP 0 @ P ` p +1 ^AXOF ! 1 A Q a q +2 ^B ^R " 2 B R b r +3 ^CXON # 3 C S c s +4 ^D ^T $ 4 D T d t +5 ^E ^U % 5 E U e u +6 ^F ^V & 6 F V f v +7BEL ^W ' 7 G W g w +8TAB ^X ( 8 H X h x +9 BS ^Y ) 9 I Y i y +A LF ^Z * : J Z j z +B ^KESC + ; K [ k { +C FF ^\ , < L \ l | +D CR ^] - = M ] m } +E ^N ^^ . > N ^ n ~ +F ^O ^_ / ? O _ o DEL # escape escape (5) The complete set of C escape sequences is: \a alert (bell) char \\ backslash \b backspace \? question mark \f formfeed \' single quote \n newline \" double quote \r carriage return \ooo char specified as octal \t horizontal tab \xhh char specified as hex \v vertical tab \0 null SEE ALSO: Kernighan and Ritchie, ed. 2, p. 38 # TCP tcp TCP Well-known port assignments: Decimal Keyword UNIX Keyword Description 0 Reserved 1 TCPMUX - TCP Multiplexor 5 RJE - Remote Job Entry 7 ECHO echo Echo 9 DISCARD discard Discard 11 USERS systat Active Users 13 DAYTIME daytime Daytime 15 - netstat Network status program 17 QUOTE qotd Quote of the Day 19 CHARGEN chargen Character Generator 20 FTP-DATA ftp-data File Transfer Protocol (data) 21 FTP ftp File Transfer Protocol 23 TELNET telnet Terminal Connection 25 SMTP smtp Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 37 TIME time Time 42 NAMESERVER name Host Name Server 43 NICNAME whois Who Is 53 DOMAIN nameserver Domain Name Server 77 RJE rje any private RJE service 79 FINGER finger Finger 93 DCP - Device Control Protocol 95 SUPDUP supdup SUPDUP Protocol 101 HOSTNAME hostnames NIC Host Name Server 102 ISO-TSAP iso-tsap ISO-TSAP 103 X400 x400 X.400 Mail Service 104 X400-SND x400-snd X.400 Mail Sending 111 SUNRPC sunrpc SUN Remote Procedure Call 113 AUTH auth Authentication Service 117 UUCP-PATH uucp-path UUCP Path Service 119 NNTP nntp USENET News Transfer Protocol 129 PWDGEN - Password Generator Protocol 139 NETBIOS-SSN - NETBIOS Session Service 160-223 Reserved Ref: Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol 1., p. 201 # UDP udp UDP Well-known port assignments: Decimal Keyword UNIX Keyword Description 0 Reserved 7 ECHO echo Echo 9 DISCARD discard Discard 11 USERS systat Active Users 13 DAYTIME daytime Daytime 15 - netstat Who is up or NETSTAT 17 QUOTE qotd Quote of the Day 19 CHARGEN chargen Character Generator 37 TIME time Time 42 NAMESERVER name Host Name Server 43 NICNAME whois Who Is 53 DOMAIN nameserver Domain Name Server 67 BOOTPS bootps Bootstrap Protocol Server 68 BOOTPC bootpc Bootstrap Protocol Client 69 TFTP tftp Trivial File Transfer 111 SUNRPC sunrpc SUN Microsystems RPC 123 NTP ntp Network Time Protocol 161 - snmp SNMP net monitor 162 - snmp-trap SNMP traps 512 - biff UNIX comsat 513 - who UNIX rwho daemon 514 - syslog system log 515 - timed Time daemon Ref: Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol 1., p. 167 # man_sections man_sections (5) The standard sections of the Unix manual are: Section 1: User commands - for general users Section 2: System calls - primarily for programmers Section 3: C library - primarily for programmers Section 4: File formats Section 5: Miscellaneous - information that doesn't fit elsewhere Section 6: Games and entertainment (unofficial Section 7: Special files and devices (in /dev) Section 8: Maintenance and installation procedures In Minix 1.5 each of these is in a file /usr/man/man1 .. /usr/man/man8. The man command searches section 1 if no section is specified. On my system I also have several other non-standard man sections: /usr/man/man0 is a condensed man file, with man entries for some of the Minix-specific utilities needed for initial installation. Common Unix commands that can be found in standard Unix users' guides (like cat, cp, ls, etc.) are not included unless their syntax is non-standard in Minix. /usr/man/man9 is for man pages for Atari, Amiga, MacIntosh, and other non-IBM-PC versions of Minix. /usr/man/man1esp .. /usr/man/man8esp are Spanish language versions of the corresponding sections. These are not as current or complete as the English version. (asw 16.02.95) # regular_expressions Regular Expressions (5) Mined, ed, grep, and other Minix commands use regular expressions for searching text. The rules for forming regular expressions are: 1. Every displayable character matches itself. 2. . (period) matches any character except newline. 3. ^ (circumflex) matches the start of a line. 4. $ (dollar) matches the end of a line. 5. \c matches character c, including period, circumflex, dollar, etc. 6. [] matches any character in . 7. [^] matches any character not in the . 8. [x-y] matches any character including and between x and y (e.g., [a-z]matches any lower case alphabetic character). 9. * matches any number (0 or more) of occurences of . Examples of regular expressions: The boy matches the string "The boy" ^$ matches any empty line ^.$ matches any line containing exactly one character ^A.*\.$ matches any line beginning with "A" and ending with a period ^[A-Z]*$ matches an empty line or any line containing only upper case alphabetic characters [A-Z0-9] matches any line containing an upper case letter or a numeric digit .*X matches any line ending in "X" A.*B matches any line containing an "A" followed (but not necessarily immediately) by a "B" See also: ed(1), grep(1), mined(1) (asw 13.02.95 based on Minix 1.5 Reference Manual)) # mined_commands Mined Commands (5) Cursor movement Screen movement arrows indicated direction Home 1st character of file ctrl-A go to start of current line End last character ctrl-Z go to end of current line PgUp move up one screenfull ctrl-^ move up PgDn move down one screenfull ctrl-_ move down ctrl-U move up 1 line ctrl-F forward by 1 word ctrl-D move down 1 line ctrl-B backward by 1 word Text modification Buffer operations Del erase char under cursor ctrl-@ set mark for ctrl-C and ctrl-K Bkspace erase char to left of cursor ctrl-C copy to buffer ctrl-N erase following word ctrl-K delete and save to buffer ctrl-P erase previous word ctrl-Y insert buffer contents ctrl-T delete to end of line ctrl-Q write buffer to a file ctrl-O open a new line ctrl-G insert (Get) a file Miscellaneous num+ search forward ctrl-W write file to disk num- search back ctrl-X exit num5 display status of file ctrl-S shell ctrl-] go to line (by number) ctrl-\ abort ctrl-R replace (global) ctrl-E redraw screen ctrl-L replace (line) ctrl-V get (Visit) new file Control characters cannot be entered into a file by typing them directly, because they are all used as editor commands. To enter a control character press and release Alt-Escape and then type the control character. Control characters in the text are displayed in reverse video. Searches in Mined use regular expressions. See also: mined(1), regular_expressions(5) (asw 24.01.96, based on Minix 1.5 Reference Manual) # man_pages Man_pages(5) Most Unix man commands use a database of individual files, one for each manual "page". Each section of the manual occupies a directory, man
and the man command searches through a preset list of such directories. Typically these files are formatted for processing by a text formatter such as nroff, and the man command pipes the files through the formatter. It is also common to have a set of cat
directories in which preformatted versions of frequently accessed man pages are kept. The Minix 1.5 man command uses text files which are concatenations of the individual man pages. The files are in the /usr/man directory, and are named /usr/man/man. The suffix is normally a single digit number, but longer strings may also be used. Within each man file pages are delimited by a line with a "#" in the first column, followed by the various keywords by which the page may be retrieved. For each text file there is an index file, which allows the Minix 1.5 man command to display a menu of the available man commands in each section. Man builds new index files whenever it finds that a text file is newer than the corresponding index file. Originally Minix was distributed without any man text files in machine readable form, but with an extensive printed manual. As upgrades to Minix became available over the net there was also a need for updated man text, and man files are now available from various ftp sites. In addition, various add-ons to Minix have their own man pages. Man pages distributed over the net generally are in the standard Unix form of one file per subject, containing formatting commands for use with nroff and the /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.an macro page. Unfortunately many of the man pages that have been distributed over the net have been written on systems with much more sophisticated sets of macros than were distributed with Minix, so just using nroff -man to process such a page may not be adequate to make into readable text. There is a shell script, ast2man, that may help to convert some of the man pages written by Andrew Tanenbaum, but converting a man page received over the net to a form suitable for appending to one of the /usr/man/man files may require some polishing with an editor. Once a file has been processed and edited, add a line of the form "# name1 name2 ..." to the beginning of the file and append it to the end of the appropriate /usr/man/man file, and it will be indexed and appear in the menu page for that man file the next time man is invoked. There is, however, one "gotcha" in this: When building the index man only uses the first occurence of every "# name" line; so if you want to add a man page to replace an existing entry you must either put your new entry at the beginning of the file or edit the file to remove the old entry. The man pages in this version of Minix come from a variety of sources. Most of them were written by Andrew Tanenbaum and his collaborators. Many of these apply to modified versions of the original Minix commands that were released with upgrades to version 1.6, and the performance of individual commands may not be exactly as indicated in these man pages. Some pages have been rewritten by asw, or were written by asw and his students at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua in 1993; there is an alternative man1esp page with entires in Spanish. Some were written by the authors of various add-ons to the original Minix 1.5. In most cases the author and reviser of a page is indicated in the text; if no author is credited for a particular entry it was probably written by Andrew Tanenbaum. See also: man(1), man_sections(5), ast2man(8) (asw 14.02.95)